London to Istanbul

Southampton, England's storied ocean liner capital on the southern coast, carries an indelible maritime identity — this is the port from which the Titanic departed and from which the Queen Mary 2 still sails in grandeur today. The medieval Bargate and City Walls speak to a history stretching back to Roman times, while the SeaCity Museum tells the story of the great liners with moving intimacy. Day excursions reach Winchester's magnificent cathedral, the stately rooms of Beaulieu, and the primeval wilderness of the New Forest — where ancient ponies still roam freely. Spring and summer offer the most pleasant conditions for exploring the region.

Le Verdon-sur-Mer is the Atlantic gateway to the Bordeaux wine region, situated where the Gironde estuary meets the sea at the tip of the legendary Medoc peninsula. Must-dos include touring grand cru chateaux along the route des vins, tasting Gironde oysters with crisp white wine, and visiting the Renaissance Cordouan lighthouse. Visit September or October for the grape harvest atmosphere and golden vineyard landscapes.

Saint Jean De Luz, France is a distinctive port city where deep cultural heritage meets authentic local atmosphere, featured on itineraries by Hapag-Lloyd Cruises. Must-do experiences include walking the historic center to experience the layered architectural heritage, and seeking out the regional culinary traditions at a locally favored establishment away from the port area. The optimal time to visit is May through September, when mild temperatures and long days favor unhurried exploration.

Gijón is a refined Atlantic port city on Spain's Asturian coast, where a three-thousand-year history, a celebrated cider and culinary culture, and the dramatic headland quarter of Cimadevilla converge to create one of Iberia's most compelling yet uncrowded cruise destinations. Visitors should not miss the traditional cider houses of Cimadevilla and a day trip to the Picos de Europa via Cangas de Onís. The finest months to visit are May through September, when long coastal evenings and mild Cantabrian weather reveal the city at its luminous best.

Ferrol is Galicia's Enlightenment-planned naval city, where geometric eighteenth-century streets and the Spanish Navy's historic arsenal overlook one of the Atlantic's most perfectly protected natural harbors. Visit May through October via Ambassador Cruise Line or Scenic for the Barrio de la Magdalena's architectural precision, percebes and pulpo á feira from Galicia's extraordinary kitchen, and the Atlantic Spain that few travelers discover.

Porto, set dramatically on the granite bluffs above the Douro River, is among Europe's most romantically dishevelled cities — a place where baroque church towers rise above terracotta rooftops and century-old azulejo tilework lines every alley. Cross the iron Dom Luís I Bridge for sweeping views and descend into Vila Nova de Gaia's atmospheric wine lodges for a tasting of aged tawny port direct from the barrel. Seafood is magnificent: salt cod prepared a hundred ways, barnacles glistening with lemon, and custard tarts still warm from the oven. Spring and early autumn offer the finest conditions.

Lisbon, Portugal's enchanting capital, stands out for its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant culture. Must-try experiences include savoring local dishes like bacalhau à brás and pastéis de nata at Mercado da Ribeira. The best time to visit is during the spring or fall, when the weather is mild and the city is alive with festivals and events.

Seville’s port is a vibrant gateway to Andalusia, steeped in history and cultural richness. Don’t miss the chance to indulge in local tapas and experience a traditional flamenco performance. The best time to visit is during the spring, when the city bursts into life with festivals and pleasant weather.

Málaga distils three thousand years of Mediterranean civilisation into one of Andalusia's most compelling port cities, where the Moorish Alcazaba fortress surveys a modern waterfront of elegant promenades and sun-drenched café terraces. Do not leave without visiting the Museo Picasso — the artist was born here in 1881 — and ascending to the ruined Castillo de Gibralfaro for panoramic views stretching to the Rif Mountains of Morocco on clear days. Malagueta anchovies fried in olive oil and the sweet Pedro Ximénez-laced dessert wine are the city's defining pleasures. The shoulder seasons of April, May, and October offer perfect Mediterranean warmth.

Almeria, Spain is a distinctive port city where deep cultural heritage meets authentic local atmosphere, featured on itineraries by Azamara. Must-do experiences include walking the historic center to experience the layered architectural heritage, and seeking out the regional culinary traditions at a locally favored establishment away from the port area. The optimal time to visit is May through September, when mild temperatures and long days favor unhurried exploration.

Alicante, a historic port city on Spain's Costa Blanca, captivates visitors with its rich history, stunning architecture, and vibrant culinary scene. Must-do experiences include savoring traditional paella by the seaside and exploring the bustling Mercado Central. The best time to visit is during the spring or early fall when the weather is pleasantly warm and the city is alive with festivities.

Barcelona is the city where Roman history, Gothic grandeur, and Gaudí's delirious Modernisme collide in a Mediterranean coastal capital of astonishing energy and beauty. The Sagrada Família — still under construction after 140 years — continues its audacious ascent toward completion, while the Gothic Quarter's Roman-era foundations and the Passeig de Gràcia's extraordinary concentration of Modernisme masterpieces reward days of exploration. For a complete sensory experience, lose an afternoon in the covered labyrinth of La Boqueria market before descending to the waterfront for Catalan seafood at its finest. May through June and September through October offer the most pleasant weather; the city connects directly to Paris by overnight train.

Palermo is the Mediterranean's most intoxicating crossroads of civilisations — Arab arches meet Byzantine gold mosaics beneath Norman royal chapels in the extraordinary Palatine Chapel, a monument to 12th-century multicultural brilliance that is Sicily's single greatest work of art. The Ballarò and Capo street markets, among southern Italy's most atmospheric, tumble through the ancient city in a sensory barrage of swordfish, blood oranges, jasmine, and street food improvised across centuries. Do not leave without tasting arancini and sfincione, Sicily's gloriously thick street pizza. Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) offer the ideal climate — warm enough for the sea, cool enough for extended walking.

Syracuse (Siracusa) is one of the ancient world's greatest cities, featuring the island quarter of Ortigia—a baroque masterpiece built over Greek temple ruins—and an archaeological park with a fifth-century BC theatre still hosting summer performances. Must-dos include Ortigia's cathedral with its embedded Greek columns, the morning market, and tasting pasta with sea urchin. April through June and September through November offer ideal temperatures.

Argostoli is the capital of Kefalonia, the largest Ionian Island, renowned for dramatic geological wonders, pristine beaches, and the literary fame of Captain Corelli's Mandolin. Must-dos include visiting the subterranean Melissani Lake, admiring the cliffs of Myrtos Beach, and tasting Robola wine with fresh-grilled fish. May through October offers warm weather and calm seas, with June and September providing the best balance of conditions.

Gythio is ancient Sparta's port town on the Laconian Gulf, where Homeric mythology, neoclassical waterfront charm, and the wild Mani Peninsula's tower houses and underground caves converge. Visit from April through October for Diros Cave boat tours, Cape Tenaro's mythological Underworld entrance, and waterfront dining in one of the Peloponnese's most atmospheric harbor towns.

Paros is the Cycladic island of luminous marble — the stone that sculpted the Venus de Milo — where ancient quarries, one of Greece's oldest Byzantine churches, and the fishing village of Naoussa offer the authentic Aegean experience that Santorini and Mykonos have traded for fame. Visit May through October via Ponant or Explora Journeys for a Cycladic island that travelers discover second but return to for life.

The port that launched Athenian democracy's naval supremacy at the Battle of Salamis, Piraeus remains Greece's maritime heartbeat — and the most convenient gateway to both the Acropolis and the Aegean island chains. Dine on grilled sea bream at a Mikrolimano harbourside taverna, visit the extraordinary bronze Piraeus Apollo, and set sail for Hydra or Santorini by afternoon. Late April through June and September offer the Aegean at its most golden and uncrowded.

Ephesus is a compelling Mediterranean port in Turkey where centuries of history, vibrant local cuisine, and luminous coastal scenery converge. Visitors should explore the historic quarters on foot and surrender to the local dining culture, where fresh seafood and regional wines provide a masterclass in Mediterranean living. Best visited October through April, when cooler temperatures and lower humidity create ideal conditions. Cruise lines including Tauck feature this port on their most compelling itineraries. Whether you have a few hours or a full day, the port rewards exploration at every pace and in every direction.

Troy National Park in northwestern Turkey preserves the legendary Bronze Age city that inspired Homer's Iliad, with 4,500 years of archaeological layers and an award-winning modern museum. Must-dos include walking the Troy VI citadel walls, exploring the 2018 museum's interactive displays, and contemplating the Troadic plain where myth and history merge. April through June and September-October offer the best weather for site exploration.

For more than fifteen centuries, Istanbul has been the pivot upon which empires turned — Byzantium, Constantinople, the Ottoman capital — and nowhere else on earth compresses so much history into a single horizon. The Hagia Sophia, the Blue Mosque, and the Topkapi Palace form an incomparable trinity of architectural genius along the Golden Horn; the Grand Bazaar's four thousand shops offer a sensory immersion unlike any other marketplace. Must-dos include a Bosphorus sunset cruise and a meal of mezze along the waterfront at Karaköy. Spring (April–May) and autumn (September–October) offer the most gracious climate for this inexhaustible city.